Princess, oldest in Ottoman dynasty, dies

Bulent Kilic / AFP - Getty Images

People pray Tuesday around the coffin of Neslisah Osmanoglu, last in line to the dynasty that once ruled the Ottoman empire, who died a day earlier at the age of 91. She was buried at Yildiz imperial palace in Istanbul.

By msnbc.com staff

Princess Neslisah Osmanoglu, the oldest member of the Ottoman dynasty, has died at age 91.

Also known as Neslisah Sultan, the princess married an Egyptian prince and was twice forced into exile when both royal households were abolished.

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She died in Istanbul on Monday, according to her nephew, Abdulhamid Kayihan Osmanoglu, and her funeral was Tuesday at Yildiz imperial palace, the London Daily Mail reported.

This undated photo by Milliyet newspaper shows Neslisah Osmanoglu in Turkey.

Her nephew did not give a cause of death but The Associated Press, citing later reports, said it was a heart attack.

Turkey?s Prime Minister, Recep Tayyip Erdogan praised the late princess.

?She was the poster-child for nobleness who carried the blood of Osman,? he said in Parliament, referring to Osman I, the Anatolian ruler who established the Ottoman Empire in 1299. ?We remember her with high regard and our blessings.?

The princess took the surname Osmanoglu, or son of Osman, along with other surviving members of the dynasty.

Neslisah Osmanoglu was born in Istanbul on Feb. 4, 1921, two years before the Turkish Republic replaced the Ottoman Empire, which had ruled Turkey, parts of the Middle East and eastern Europe for 600 years.

Her grandfather, the last Ottoman Sultan Vahdettin, and all other members of the dynasty were sent into exile in 1924. The princess spent her childhood and adolescence in Nice, France, before moving to Egypt, the Daily Mail said.

?When we were in exile we lived longing for the country,? she told historian Murat Bardakci, whose biography of the princess was published last year. ?My mother had friends who would go to Istanbul. I would ask them to bring me back a bit of soil from Istanbul, but none did.?

Ottoman princesses were traditionally married to members of Muslim royal families, The Associated Press said.

In 1940, Neslisah Osmanoglu married Egyptian Prince Muhammed Abdel Monem, who headed a regency committee that ruled from July 1952 to June 1953.

When new rulers of Egypt turned the country into a republic, the royal couple were accused of plotting against Gamal Abdel Nasser?s government and placed under house arrest. They were acquitted and exiled, moving to France.

In 1952, the Turkish government had allowed female members of the Ottoman family to return to Turkey, so the prince and princess moved to Istanbul in 1957, the Daily Mail said.

Prince Monem, born in 1899, died in Istanbul in 1979.

Neslisah Osmanoglu is survived by a son, daughter and a grandson.

This article includes reporting by The Associated Press.

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Take a pay cut or leave - Business Management Daily

Q. We?ve concluded that a small group of our employees don?t appreciate their jobs. We?d like to post their jobs and replace employees who won?t take a pay cut with unemployed people who will work for a lower wage. Is this a problem? ? A.D., New Jersey

A. Assuming that your workers are employed on an at-will basis, you are at liberty to change the terms of their employment prospectively, as long as it?s not for an unlawful reason (e.g., because of these employees? gender, race, age, etc.).

But be aware: Depending on the amount of a pay reduction you are contemplating, it?s possible this action could qualify the affected employees for unemployment compensation. Also, realize that labor unions have increased their presence and these are the types of actions that could spawn organizing activities.

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Research team discovers new quantum encryption method to foil hackers

Monday, April 2, 2012

A research team led by University of Toronto Professor Hoi-Kwong Lo has found a new quantum encryption method to foil even the most sophisticated hackers. The discovery is outlined in the latest issue of Physical Review Letters.

Quantum cryptography is, in principle, a foolproof way to prevent hacking. It ensures that any attempt by an eavesdropper to read encoded communication data will lead to disturbances that can be detected by the legitimate users. Therefore, quantum cryptography allows the transmission of an unconditionally secure encryption key between two users, "Alice" and "Bob," in the presence of a potential hacker, "Eve." The encryption key is communicated using light signals and is received using photon detectors. The challenge is that Eve can intercept and manipulate these signals.

"Photon detectors have turned out to be an Achilles' heel for quantum key distribution (QKD), inadvertently opening the door to subtle side-channel attacks, most famously quantum hacking," wrote Dr. Charles Bennett, a research fellow at IBM and the co-inventor of quantum cryptography.

When quantum hacking occurs, light signals subvert the photon detectors, causing them to only see the photons that Eve wants Bob to see. Indeed, earlier research results by Professor Lo and independent work by Dr. Vadim Makarov of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology have shown how a clever quantum hacker can hack commercial QKD systems.

Now, Professor Lo and his team have come up with a simple solution to the untrusted device problem. Their method is called "Measurement Device Independent QKD." While Eve may operate the photon detectors and broadcast measurement results, Bob and Alice no longer have to trust those measurement results. Instead, Bob and Alice can simply verify Eve's honesty by measuring and comparing their own data. The aim is to detect subtle changes that occur when quantum data is manipulated by a third party.

Specifically, in Measurement Device Independent QKD, the two users send their signals to an untrusted relay ? "Charlie" ?? who might possibly be controlled by Eve. Charlie performs a joint measurement on the signals, providing another point of comparison.

"A surprising feature is that Charlie's detectors can be arbitrarily flawed without compromising security," says Professor Lo. "This is because, provided that Alice and Bob's signal preparation processes are correct, they can verify whether Charlie or Eve is trustworthy through the correlations in their own data following any interaction with Charlie/Eve."

A proof-of-concept measurement has already been performed. Professor Lo and his team are now developing a prototype measurement device independent QKD system, which they expect will be ready within five years.

As a result of implementing this new method, quantum cryptography's Achilles' heel in the fight against hackers has been resolved. Perhaps, a quantum jump in data security has now been achieved.

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University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering: http://www.engineering.utoronto.ca/home.htm

Thanks to University of Toronto Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering for this article.

This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.

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Getting It Right: Taxation and Economic Growth | Finance ...

The power to tax is

the power to destroy. Even Pharaoh, 3000 years ago, aware of what this wise saying. Unfortunately, it seems to have been forgotten by some of the more influential modern economists. But, what is destroyed? What is destroyed are economic incentives for business formation and growth.

With Congress and the White House talking about a stimulus package sporadically to spur economic growth, it is important to distinguish what tax policies will work and what is sheer puff and political business as usual (increase spending) disguised as economic stimulus package to. . With this in mind, you might say that this article is a short primer on understanding the growth aspects of tax policy

Taxes, broadly speaking, can be categorized into two types of headings ? taxes on capital and taxes on labor. Since this article will be dealing with taxes on income, capital taxation would be identified with the corporate income tax. Similarly, a tax on labor is equivalent to the personal income tax schedule. Now the sixty-four thousand dollar question. Which one is more important in helping to stimulate economic and business growth?

As President Lincoln stated in one of early speeches as president, the tax on labor is of more importance than the tax on capital. Why? Economic growth is driven by net new business formation. Or, to put it another way ? the economy is driven briskly when everyone wants to be a business owner. When entrepreneurs (risk takers) to start enterprise, their business income tax is initially reported on the personal income tax schedule. As the business grows, the owners may incorporate and file using the corporate tax rate. (As a reminder, when individuals start businesses, they hire people. Businesses with less than 100 employees are responsible for 75% of the net new job growth. Net new business formation should be the goal of tax policy designed to stimulate economic growth.)

Since the tax on labor is more important than the tax on capital, the top marginal income tax rate on labor should be less than the top corporate rate. Presently, the top corporate tax rate is 35%, while the top tax rate on labor is about 35%. If policymakers are serious about providing incentives for stimulating vibrant business growth, the top personal income tax rate should be reduced to less than 35%. To provide a real fillip to economic growth, the top personal income tax rate should be significantly below 35%. It was no accident that President Regan, in his second term, reduced the top individual rate to 28%. This was a true top rate that did not include any phaseout of deductions or any of that nonsense that has the perverse effect of increasing the marginal rate.

Economic policy makers, Whether they are in position to administrative or legislative , like to take the path of least resistance ? similar to electrons in a circuit. Their path of least resistance is to stimulate economic growth to increase spending. It does not work! (If it did, many of the major European economies would be booming by now. Instead they have been in the doghouse for the past ten years.) The money for their Increased spending is just sucked out of the private sector. The net effect is zero. Providing financial incentives for individuals to take immediate and significant business risks by reductions in the top marginal individual income tax rate is the best way to promote vibrant and sustained economic growth. id=?article-resource?> Sanford Kahn, Business Author / Speaker, has been a professional speaker for over 30 years to both the corporate and national trade and professional association markets. She is the host and producer of the popular Times mirror cable vision series ?Ask the Economist?. Mr. Kahn has authored many articles on the business impact of future economic trends. His most recent publication is The Great Economic Myths That Dominate Business & Our Lives. For more information please visit his web page at http://www.businessspeaker.biz .

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Hiring of CEO revives Augusta membership debate

As a club that prides itself on tradition, Augusta National again is in the middle of a membership debate it thought it was done with nearly a decade ago.

Just seven days before the Masters, no less.

The last four chief executives of IBM ? a longtime corporate sponsor of the Masters ? have been members of the exclusive golf club in Augusta, Ga. The latest CEO of the computer giant happens to be a woman. Virginia Rometty was appointed this year.

One problem ? a woman has never worn a member's green jacket since Augusta National opened in 1933.

"I think they're both in a bind," Martha Burk said Thursday evening.

Burk, who spearheaded an unsuccessful campaign 10 years ago for the club to admit a female member, said Friday morning on CNN she fears Augusta and IBM will work out a "sham solution" to make the issue go away.

"The company has a huge responsibility here not to undermine its first female CEO," Burk said. "If they accept anything less than full member ? or resign their sponsorship, which is another option ? they're going to undermine their new CEO. And they'll be making a statement that they don't consider her an equal to her predecessors."

Still to be determined is how much traction the topic will muster going into the Masters.

Augusta National, through a spokesman, declined comment in keeping to its policy that membership issues are private. IBM did not immediately return a phone call seeking comment.

Rometty is said to play golf sparingly. Her greater passion is scuba diving.

Hootie Johnson, chairman of the club a decade ago, ignited the controversy back then when he said that while Augusta might one day have a female member, it would be on the club's timetable and "not at the point of a bayonet."

Burk applied pressure on just about everyone connected with the club and with the Masters, the major championship that garners the highest TV ratings. She demanded that four companies drop their television sponsorship because of discrimination. She lobbied PGA Tour Commissioner Tim Finchem not to recognize the Masters as part of the tour schedule.

It didn't work. The protest fizzled in a parking lot down the street from the club during the third round of the 2003 tournament.

"We did raise the issue," Burk said on CNN. "If we had not done that, this would not be on the table now."

Not only is the debate back, this time it has a face ? Rometty, a 31-year veteran of IBM who has been ranked among the "50 Most Powerful Women in Business" by Fortune magazine the last seven years. Rometty was No. 7 last year.

The chairman of Augusta National ? and the Masters ? is Billy Payne, who ran the 1996 Olympics in Atlanta. When he replaced Johnson as chairman of the club and of the Masters tournament in 2006, he said there was "no specific timetable" for admitting women.

The question was raised at the 2007 and 2010 Masters. Both times, Payne said membership issues were private.

Rometty succeeds Sam Palmissano at IBM, which runs the Masters' website from the bottom floor of the media center. According to a list published by USA Today in 2002, the three CEOs prior to Palmissano also were members ? Louis Gertsner, John Akers and John Opel.

As the corporate sponsors became the target, Johnson wound up doing away with TV sponsorship for two years at the Masters to keep the corporate partners ? IBM, Coca-Cola and Citigroup ? out of the fray.

Only IBM returned as a TV sponsor for the 2005 Masters. The others were SBC Communications and ExxonMobil.

Burk said it should not be that easy for IBM to hide if the debate gains momentum.

"What IBM needs to do is draw a line in the sand ? 'We're either going to pull our sponsorship and membership and any ancillary activities we support with the tournament, or the club is going to have to honor our CEO the way they have in the past,'" Burk said in a telephone interview Thursday evening. "There's no papering over it. They just need to step up and do the right thing.

"They need to not pull that argument that they support the tournament and not the club," she said. "That does not fool anybody, and they could undermine their new CEO."

Burk said she would not be surprised if IBM pressured Rometty to say she doesn't want to be a member.

"Really, I don't think it's her responsibility," Burk said. "It's the board of directors. They need to take action here. They don't need to put that on her. They need to say, 'This is wrong. We thought the club was on the verge of making changes several years ago, and we regretfully end our sponsorship to maintain her credibility and the company brand.'"

The debate returns just in time for one of the most anticipated Masters in years. Tiger Woods finally returned to winning form last week at Bay Hill and is considered one of the favorites, along with U.S. Open champion Rory McIlroy. Eight of the top 20 players in the world ranking have won heading into the first major of the year, a list that includes world No. 1 Luke Donald and Phil Mickelson.

Now comes a sensitive issue that dogged the tournament a decade ago, and might not go away easily. Women can play the course at Augusta National, but cannot join the club or wear the Augusta green jacket, which is reserved for members and stands as a status symbol in business and golf.

Rometty could become a central figure in the argument over female membership whether she wishes to or not.

"We have a face, we have a resume, we have a title and we have a credible reason to do it that doesn't involve Martha Burk," Burk said.

Burk said she is no longer chair of the National Council of Women's Organizations. She had planned to step down until the first flap with the Masters began in the summer of 2002. Now, she said she runs the Corporate Accountability Project for the council, a project born from her battle with Augusta.

Associated Press

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EPA Celebrates 20th Anniversary of Energy Star by recognizing Six ...

Release Date: 03/19/2012Contact Information: Dawn Harris-Young, (404) 562-8421, harris-young.dawn@epa.gov

ATLANTA ? As a part of the celebration of Energy Star?s 20th anniversary, three organizations in North Carolina were honored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) with the 2012 Energy Star award. This award was given because of their outstanding leadership and commitment to protecting America?s environment through superior energy efficiency.

Award for Excellence
Nationwide Marketing Group of Winston Salem, North Carolina is America?s largest buying and marketing organization with over 3,000 members operating approximately 10,000 storefronts and $12 billion in combined annual sales. In 2011, NMG stood out for its remarkable efforts to increase the market share of ENERGY STAR qualified products in most major appliance and electronics categories.

North Carolina Energy Efficiency Alliance of Boone, North Carolina (NCEEA) is a state-funded, nonprofit organization that aims to overcome market barriers to the widespread implementation of energy-efficient new homes by working with housing industry professionals. The NCEEA is receiving ENERGY STAR recognition for its demonstrated commitment to raising awareness of the value and benefits of ENERGY STAR features in the home, and increasing the demand for ENERGY STAR Homes in North Carolina.

Award for Sustained Excellence
Food Lion Family, Bloom, and Bottom Dollar Food of Salisbury, North Carolina is the largest operating entity of Belgium-based Delhaize Group, operating more than 1,300 grocery stores in 11 southeast and mid-Atlantic states and employing more than 74,000 associates. Food Lion Family, Bloom, and Bottom Dollar Food is receiving Sustained Excellence recognition for its continued dedication to identifying, developing, and investing in new technologies and operational best practices to save energy and money.

Hanesbrands Inc. of Winston Salem, North Carolina is a leading manufacturer of apparel essentials found in nearly all households in America. The company seeks to be an environmental leader in the international apparel industry and has made strong energy management practices a cornerstone of this vision. Since becoming an ENERGY STAR partner, Hanesbrands has significantly expanded and improved its energy program with impressive speed. Hanesbrands is receiving ENERGY STAR Sustained Excellence recognition for its commitment to energy efficiency and the ENERGY STAR partnership.

Lowe?s Home Improvement of Mooresville, North Carolina is a Fortune 50 company that serves approximately 15 million customers per week at more than 1,725 home improvement stores in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Lowe?s stands out for its unsurpassed commitment to ENERGY STAR?since 2001, the company has continuously expanded its energy-efficient products, services, and education to increase consumer and employee awareness and savings.

Southern Energy Management of Morrisville, North Carolina provides energy efficiency, green building, and solar power services for homeowners, residential and commercial builders, nonprofits, and government clients nationwide. Southern Energy Management is receiving ENERGY STAR Sustained Excellence recognition for its continued commitment to finding and pursuing new market inroads to increase participation in its ENERGY STAR for New Homes program.

Over the past 20 years, with help from Energy Star partners, American families and businesses have saved about $230 billion on utility bills and prevented more than 1.7 billion metric tons of carbon pollution. Nationally, the 109 Energy Star award winners were chosen from nearly 20,000 partners from across the nation. Organizations are recognized in one of four Energy Star award categories: corporate commitment, sustained excellence, partner of the year, and excellence in delivering specific promotions.

Launched in 1992 by EPA, Energy Star is a market-based partnership to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through energy efficiency. Last year alone, Americans, with the help of the Energy Star program and its partners, saved approximately $23 billion on their energy bills while preventing greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to the annual emissions of 41 million vehicles. To date, more than 1.3 million new homes and nearly 16,500 buildings across all 50 states have earned EPA?s Energy Star certification. Today, the Energy Star label can be found on more than 60 different kinds of products with more than 5 billion sold over the past 20 years.

Complete list of 2012 award winners: www.energystar.gov/awards

More information on Energy Star 20th Anniversary: www.energystar.gov/

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Published by: United States Environmental Protection Agence (EPA) (yosemite.epa.gov)

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